Enlightenment Quiz


Who wrote
Spirit of the Laws  in which he described governments as a necessary evil?  He studied govts of the past; and advocated a separation of powers rather than absolute monarchies.     
a) Baron Charles de Montesquieu  
b) Voltaire                 
c) John Locke          
d) Jean J. Rousseau           
e) Denis Diderot

 

Who said, "I do not agree with a thing you say, but I will defend to my death your right to say it" ?  He championed individual freedom;  and blasted tyranny and church intolerance.   He is the author of Candide, a popular satire on the evils of the time. 
a) Baron de Montesquieu       
b) Voltaire       
c) J.Locke 

d) Jean J. Rousseau           
e) D.Diderot

 

Who wrote the Social Contract in which he extolled life of primitive societies.  He believed in equality of the masses; popular sovereignty; and  majority rule? 
a) Baron de Montesquieu  
b) Voltaire            
c) J.Locke   
d) Jean J. Rousseau            
e) D.Diderot

 

Who compiled an Encyclopedia intended to be a compendium of all knowledge?  His work also advocated democratic ideas and ideals.  
a) Baron de Montesquieu            
b) Voltaire       
c) J.Locke
d) Jean J. Rousseau
e) D.Diderot

 

Who wrote Treatise of Civil Government   which was used to justify the Glorious Revolution in England, and later the American and French Revolutions.  He spoke of Natural, Inalienable rights; limited government; and resistance to tyranny?
a) Baron de Montesquieu       
b) Voltaire       
c) J.Locke 

d) Jean J. Rousseau           
e) D.Diderot

 

Who was an British scholar who used inductive reasoning (specifics to general).  He advocated a systematic recording of facts derived from experiments to discover new general truths.   
a. Thomas Hobbes 
b) Galileo Galilei                   
c) Isaac Newton         
d) Francis Bacon                   
e) Oliver Cromwell  

 

Who was the author of the Leviathan  which advocated absolute monarchy as a

form of government to keep the brutish, nasty people in check?   
a) T. Hobbes           
b) Galileo Galilei       
c) Isaac Newton        
d) Francis Bacon       
e) Oliver Cromwell      

 

Who was the  most illustrious scientist of the Age of Reason.  He Applied algebra to motion in developing calculus; and he formulated the gravitational theory?
a) T. Hobbes                    
b) Adam Smith        
c) Isaac Newton        

d) Francis Bacon       
e) Oliver Cromwell  

 

Who was an astronomer who believed that the heliocentric theory was correct and that the former geocentric theory should be discarded?
a) Claudius Ptolemy
b) Galileo Galilei
c) Isaac Newton  
d) Charles Darwi
e) Oliver Cromwell