[Under Construction]              

                                                                                                             

 

Biology Division, LCC

 

 

Kabi R. Neupane, Ph.D.

Instructor, Biology and Biotechnology, LCC, Hawaii

 

 

 

              

 

 

First Midterm Examination: Sample answers

(Note: Although presentation sequence of questions in the actual test may not match this list, the set of questions are the same) 

Question 1  (1.5 points)
The DNA of a eukaryotic cell is found within the _____.

Question 2  (1.5 points)
How does inductive reasoning differ from deductive reasoning?

Question 3  (1.5 points)
If you learn to play the piano and as a result your offspring are born with a talent for playing the piano, this situation is an example of _____.

Question 4  (1.5 points)
Relative to prokaryotic cells, eukaryotic cells are _____.

Question 5  (1.5 points)
The aspect of biology that unites all of the diverse fields of biology as a single science is _____.

Question 6  (1.5 points)
What is a gene?

Question 7  (1.5 points)
What is biology?

Question 8  (1.5 points)
What will happen if you do not (properly) finish your antibiotic prescription?

Question 9  (1.5 points)
Which of the following is a producer?

Question 10  (1.5 points)
Which of these is most closely associated with Darwin?

Question 11  (1.5 points)
An atom with a positive charge has _____.

Question 12  (1.5 points)
An uncharged atom of gold has an atomic number of 79 and an atomic mass of 197. This atom has _____ protons, _____ neutrons, and _____ electrons.

Question 13  (1.5 points)
Given the reaction: K + Cl --> K+ + Cl- -->KCl, what type of bond is holding the two atoms together?

Question 14  (1.5 points)
How are adjacent water molecules connected?

Question 15  (1.5 points)
The third electron shell of an atom can hold a maximum of _____ electron(s).


Question 16  (1.5 points)
When a base is added to a buffered solution, the buffer will _____.

Question 17  (1.5 points)
Which of the following elements is not one of the four most common elements in living systems?

Question 18  (1.5 points)
Why is water considered a polar molecule?

Question 19  (1.5 points)
Sugar dissolves when stirred into water. The sugar is the _____, the water is the _____, and the sweetened water is the _____.

Question 20  (1.5 points)
A protein's function is dependent on its _____.

Question 21  (1.5 points)
Given the reaction: galactose + glucose --> lactose + water, galactose is a _____.

Question 22  (1.5 points)
Which of the following is not a health effect of a diet high in saturated fats?

Question 23  (1.5 points)
Nucleic acids are polymers of _____ monomers.

Question 24  (1.5 points)
The linear sequence of monomers in a polypeptide chain is referred to as its _____ structure.

Question 25  (1.5 points)
A glycerol with three fatty acids attached is referred to as a _____.

Question 26  (1.5 points)
Proteins are polymers constructed from _____ monomers.

Question 27  (1.5 points)
A single carbon atom can form a maximum of _____ covalent bonds.

Question 28  (1.5 points)
Which of the following is true with regard to a DNA molecule?

Question 29  (1.5 points)
Glucose and fructose (monosaccharides) join together to form sucrose (disaccharide) by a process known as _____________

Question 30  (1.5 points)
Enzymes are _____.

Question 31  (1.5 points)
_____ code for the structure of proteins.

Question 32  (1.5 points)
Vacuoles are _____.

Question 33  (1.5 points)
Information is transferred from the nucleus to ribosomes via _____.

Question 34  (1.5 points)
Diffusion is an example of _____.

Question 35  (1.5 points)
Microfilaments are a component of _____.

Question 36  (1.5 points)
Which of the following is a function of the plasma membrane?

Question 37  (1.5 points)

Which organelle is responsible for photosynthesis?

Question 38  (1.5 points)
What name is given to the type of cell junctions found in plants?

Question 39  (1.5 points)
Why would you expect tobacco smokers (and those exposed to tobacco smoke) to be at greater risk of an ectopic (tubal) pregnancy?

Question 40  (1.5 points)
A balloon permeable to water but not to glucose contains a 10% glucose solution. A beaker contains a 5% glucose solution. Which of the following is true?

Question 41  (5 points)
 

A) Chloroplast: Chloroplast is a membrane-enclosed organelle found in plant cells. It contains the green pigment called chlorophyll and is the site where photosynthesis takes place.

B)Mitochondria: Mitochondira are membrane-enclosed organelles found in all eukaryotic cells. Mitochondria generate ATP from food for all cellular work.

C) Lysosomes: They are membrane-bound organelles containing digestive enzymes. Lysosomes help in cellular digestion, defense against invading organisms and in sculpturing of embryos during development. 


Question 42  (5 points)

Write short notes on any TWO:
A)Acid
B) Base
C) pH

A) An acid is a compound that donates protons [H+] to solutions.  Acids raise the amount of protons in solutions.

B) A base is a chemical compound that accepts [H+] from solutions. Bases lower proton concentration in solutions.

C) pH: It is a standard measure of proton [H+] concentration in a solution. Its value ranges from 0 (most acidic) to 14 (most basic) 


Question 43  (4 points)
Differentiate between any ONE of the following
A) Cytoplasm and Nucleoplasm
B) Rough Endoplasmic reticulum (RER) and Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (SER)

A) Cytoplasm is everything between the cell membrane and nucleus. It includes semifluid material and organelles. Nucleoplasm is the semifluid material inside the nucleus.

B) Rough ER: Ribosome-studded membrane sacs in the cytoplasm which make membrane proteins and secretory proteins.  Smooth ER: They are like Rough ER but do not have ribosomes on the surface. These membraneous sacs manufacture lipids and hormones.


Question 44  (4 points)
Differentiate between prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cells

Prokaryotic cells are smaller and less complex compared to eukaryotic cells. The main difference is that the eukaryotic cells contain membrane-bound organelles such as nucleus, mitochondria etc. whereas there are no such organelles in prokaryotic cells.
 


Question 45  (4 points)
What does the acronym DNA stand for and what is the importance of this molecule?

DNA stands for Deoxyribonucleic acid. It is the genetic material (genes) that is transmitted from parents to offspring. 


Question 46  (5 points)
What is an emergent property? What is the relevance of this property to life?

A complex substance (for example, hammer) can be created by putting together two or more components  (for example a metal head and an wooden handle) in a certain way. Emergent property is the novel properties that arise as a result of such combination. Living things are made up of simple chemicals but their combination results in increasingly complex organization such as cells and tissues. In other words, cells are more than a bag of complex organic molecules.


Question 47  (5 points)
Write short notes on any TWO:
A) glycolysis
B) hydrogenation
C) peptide bond

A) Glycolysis: It is the breakdown of glucose to two molecules of pyruvic acid and is a part of the cellular respiration.

B) hydrogenation: Unsaturated lipids (vegetable oils) are converted to saturated lipids (margarine) by adding hydrogen. This process of adding hydrogen to generate saturated fats is known as hydrogenation.

C) Peptide bond: It is a covalent bond that links two aminoacids in proteins (polypeptide).

Question 48  (4 points)
Why is water considered a polar molecule?

Shared electrons between two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom of a water molecule spend most of their time around oxygen nucleus and not as much time around hydrogen nuclei. This results in the generation of slight negative charge on oxygen side and slight positive charge on hydrogen side. Because of this electrical charge on opposite ends, water is considered to be a polar molecule.

Question 49  (4 points)
What are enzymes and how do they compare with proteins?

Enzymes are biological catalysts that facilitate chemical reactions without themselves getting changed in the process.

All enzymes are proteins. 
 

Question 50  (5 points)
What is Cell theory? Explain.

It is a theory which states that 

a. all organisms are made up of at least one cell.

b. cells are structural and functional units of life.

c. cells arise from preexisting cells.
 
Question 50 is a BONUS QUESTION

 

nd mail, questions or comments about this web site to kabi@hawaii.edu.
Copyright © 2003 Kabi R. Neupane
Last modified: December 13, 2006
About PowerPoint Presentation: Many PowerPoint files have been adapted from media supplement of the Textbook Publisher, Benjamin Cummings (Pearson Education, Inc.). I strongly recommend students to visit the Publisher’s website at www.essentialbiology.com (Bio 101) or www.campbellbiology.com (Bio 171) and benefit form their online resources.